Hvite, heterofile menn, tre til side - her er de nye Oscar-reglene!

The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences har lagt fram nye regler som skal sikre mangfold. Fra og med 2024 må en film oppfylle minst to av fire mangfoldskriterier for å vinne Beste film.

Bransjeavisa Variety forteller om de nye reglene, som er en del av akademiets "Academy Aperture 2025"-prosjekt. I 2015 hadde akademiet 5 856 medlemmer, og over halvparten av medlemmene var hvite menn over femti. Kampanjen #OscarsSoWhite ble startet på Twitter, etter at alle de tjue nominerte i skuespiller-kategoriene var hvite.

Siden den gang har akademiet jobbet for å få inn yngre medlemmer, og medlemmer med andre bakgrunner, så avstemmingen i større grad representerer USA og filmbransjen som helhet.

De fire nye kriteriene for å bli nominert til Beste film er delt inn i fire kategorier – representasjon foran kamera, representasjon blant de kreative overhodene, betalt kompetanseheving for minoritetspersoner bak kamera, og representasjon av minoritetspersoner og -tematikk i markedsføring. En film må oppfylle minst to av kriteriene for å bli nominert.

- Vi tror at disse inkluderingsstandardene kommer til å være en katalysator for en langvarig og viktig forandring i bransjen vår, sier akademiets David Rubin og Dawn Hudson i en felles uttalelse.

Årets Oscar-utdeling er utsatt til 25. april 2021 på grunn av COVID-19. For første gang er dørene åpnet for filmer som skulle gått på kino, men har premiere på strømmetjenester. I tillegg kan filmer som har premiere i januar og februar 2021, tevle om statuettene.

Hele lista over representasjonskriterier

STANDARD A: ON-SCREEN REPRESENTATION, THEMES AND NARRATIVES

To achieve Standard A, the film must meet ONE of the following criteria:

A1. Lead or significant supporting actors

At least one of the lead actors or significant supporting actors is from an underrepresented racial or ethnic group.

• Asian
• Hispanic/Latinx
• Black/African American
• Indigenous/Native American/Alaskan Native
• Middle Eastern/North African
• Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander
• Other underrepresented race or ethnicity

A2. General ensemble cast

At least 30% of all actors in secondary and more minor roles are from at least two of the following underrepresented groups:

- Women
- Racial or ethnic group
- LGBTQ+
- People with cognitive or physical disabilities, or who are deaf or hard of hearing

A3. Main storyline/subject matter

The main storyline(s), theme or narrative of the film is centered on an underrepresented group(s).

- Women
- Racial or ethnic group
- LGBTQ+
- People with cognitive or physical disabilities, or who are deaf or hard of hearing

STANDARD B: CREATIVE LEADERSHIP AND PROJECT TEAM

To achieve Standard B, the film must meet ONE of the criteria below:

B1. Creative leadership and department heads

At least two of the following creative leadership positions and department heads — Casting Director, Cinematographer, Composer, Costume Designer, Director, Editor, Hairstylist, Makeup Artist, Producer, Production Designer, Set Decorator, Sound, VFX Supervisor, Writer — are from the following underrepresented groups:

- Women
- Racial or ethnic group
- LGBTQ+
- People with cognitive or physical disabilities, or who are deaf or hard of hearing

At least one of those positions must belong to the following underrepresented racial or ethnic group:

• Asian
• Hispanic/Latinx
• Black/African American
• Indigenous/Native American/Alaskan Native
• Middle Eastern/North African
• Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander
• Other underrepresented race or ethnicity

B2. Other key roles

At least six other crew/team and technical positions (excluding Production Assistants) are from an underrepresented racial or ethnic group. These positions include but are not limited to First AD, Gaffer, Script Supervisor, etc.

B3. Overall crew composition

At least 30% of the film’s crew is from the following underrepresented groups:

- Women
- Racial or ethnic group
- LGBTQ+
- People with cognitive or physical disabilities, or who are deaf or hard of hearing

STANDARD C: INDUSTRY ACCESS AND OPPORTUNITIES

To achieve Standard C, the film must meet BOTH criteria below:

C1. Paid apprenticeship and internship opportunities

The film’s distribution or financing company has paid apprenticeships or internships that are from the following underrepresented groups and satisfy the criteria below:

- Women
- Racial or ethnic group
- LGBTQ+
- People with cognitive or physical disabilities, or who are deaf or hard of hearing

The major studios/distributors are required to have substantive, ongoing paid apprenticeships/internships inclusive of underrepresented groups (must also include racial or ethnic groups) in most of the following departments: production/development, physical production, post-production, music, VFX, acquisitions, business affairs, distribution, marketing and publicity.

The mini-major or independent studios/distributors must have a minimum of two apprentices/interns from the above underrepresented groups (at least one from an underrepresented racial or ethnic group) in at least one of the following departments: production/development, physical production, post-production, music, VFX, acquisitions, business affairs, distribution, marketing and publicity.

C2. Training opportunities and skills development (crew)

The film’s production, distribution and/or financing company offers training and/or work opportunities for below-the-line skill development to people from the following underrepresented groups:

- Women
- Racial or ethnic group
- LGBTQ+
- People with cognitive or physical disabilities, or who are deaf or hard of hearing

STANDARD D: AUDIENCE DEVELOPMENT

To achieve Standard D, the film must meet the criterion below:

D1. Representation in marketing, publicity, and distribution

The studio and/or film company has multiple in-house senior executives from among the following underrepresented groups (must include individuals from underrepresented racial or ethnic groups) on their marketing, publicity, and/or distribution teams.

- Women
- Racial or ethnic group:

• Asian
• Hispanic/Latinx
• Black/African American
• Indigenous/Native American/Alaskan Native
• Middle Eastern/North African
• Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander
• Other underrepresented race or ethnicity

- LGBTQ+
- People with cognitive or physical disabilities, or who are deaf or hard of hearing